![]() ![]() ![]() The other longphorts are soon re-occupied and developed into cities and towns. The Vikings are driven out of Ireland for a short period around 900, but return to Waterford in 914 to found what would become Ireland’s first city. The Vikings also establish longphorts in Cork, Limerick, Waterford, and Wexford. After this interaction, the Irish experience Viking forces for about 40 years. This longphort would eventually become Dublin. The Vikings set up a base, which the Irish call longphorts. In 838, a small Viking fleet enters the River Liffey in eastern Ireland, probably led by the chieftain Saxolb, who is killed later that year. After 840, the Vikings have several bases in strategic locations throughout Ireland. Navigable waterways make this deeper penetration possible. During the mid-830s, raids begin to push deeper into Ireland. Some believe that the increased number of invaders coincides with Scandinavian leaders’ desires to control the profitable raids on the western shores of Ireland. In 832, a Viking fleet of about 120 ships under Turgesius invades kingdoms on Ireland’s northern and eastern coasts. In some cases they become allies and also intermarry. The Irish become accustomed to the Viking presence and culture. Dublin is the most significant settlement in the long term. From 840, the Vikings begin establishing permanent bases at the coasts. From 830 on, the groups consist of large fleets of Viking ships. During the first 40 years, the raids are conducted by small, mobile Viking groups. The north and east of the island are most affected. The Vikings pillage monasteries on Ireland’s west coast in 795, and then spread out to cover the rest of the coastline. Dublin becomes so crowded by the 11th century that houses are built outside the town walls. Excavations find imported fabrics from England, Byzantium, Persia, and Central Asia. Vikings trade at Irish markets in Dublin. Literature, crafts, and decorative styles in Ireland and Britain reflect Scandinavian culture. The Vikings conduct extensive raids in Ireland and found many towns, including Dublin, Limerick, Wexford, Waterford, Wicklow, Arklow and Leixlip. ![]() The earliest verifiable date of a Viking invasion of Ireland is September 9, 872, in Dunrally in what is now County Laois. ![]()
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